Originally Posted by NivexQ
What do the icons represent on the minimap?
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Green circle = prograde. This is the direction you are traveling. Put your crosshairs on this to accelerate.
Green circle with a cross = Retrograde. The is the opposite direction of your motion. Put your crosshairs on this to decelerate.
The purple dot, and crossed purple dot, are pointing towards the space center, and away from it, respectively.
On the map screen..
Ap = Apoapsis. The furthest point of your orbit
Pe = Periapsis. The closest point of your orbit
Protips - Use the Advanced SAS and activate it with 'T'. This locks you into a vector. Only actually does anything if you equip RCS, a gimbaled engine(i.e. can turn for thrust vectoring), an SAS module(Supposedly a flywheel for shifting your orientation), and winglets(only affects anything in atmosphere.
Always launch to the east(90 degrees). Kerbins rotation gives you some free delta-v.
For easy moon access, get into a 2-300km circular orbit, then follow the orbit. As soon as the moon rises above the horizon, burn prograde until your apoapsis reaches the moons orbit.